The Bronze Age in Europe

podstawowy

H1A_W04,

AR1A_W14,

H1A_U02,

H1A_U10,

Ranging from the turn of the secomnd millennium to the second quarter of the first millennium BC. The Middle Bronze Age in Europe bridges the gap between Europe’s Stone Age Prehistoric background and the 2 and Europe´s dynamic Introduction into the History during the Iron Age. With the introduction of bronze metallurgy Europe is interconnected with a a vast communication and exchange network managed emerging elites and specialists and it is a time of dynamic religious developments affecting burial and sacrificial practices.

At the turn of the second millennium BC. The introduction of Bronze metallurgy i.e. amalgamating copper and tin, led to the mass production of an effective new material with which a vast array of tools, weapons and ornaments were formed. This would however make a crucial impact not only on methods of production but on the structure society as a whole. The fact that both copper ore and the rarer element tin are found in specific regions with are often located far apart from each other and the fact that large parts of Europe, including Poland and Scandinavia had nor ores at all made the existence and maintenance of communication and exchange networks imperative. Moreover, the specialist craftsmanship which bronze metallurgy demanded, i.e. prospectors, minors, metalworkers and traders led to the emergence of a social cast not involved in primary food production. This social stratification was enhanced by the emergence of a weapon bearing elite whose power resulted from controlling, storing and distributing this new indestructible resource. The emergence of ostentatious and monumental burial practices in different parts of Europe in the Early Bronze Age, but also the votive hoarding of metals as well as the appearance of strongholds are symptoms of the reactions to this new culture of metallurgy. Another leitmotif of the Bronze age is the core/periphery interactions between the emerging Mediterranean civilizations and the transalpine world as well as intensive communication between the metal rich Alpine and Carpathian Zones and the Metal hungry north. Finally, the late Bronze Age sees the emergence of a unified “Urnfield” culture which homogenized foodways, burial and sacrificial practices over most of the continent

Kaczanowski, Piotr, Epoka brązu – pomiędzy centrami cywilizacyjnymi Bałkanów i Alp a Skandynawią In: Piotr Kaczanowski, Janusz Krzysztof Kozłowski - Najdawniejsze dzieje ziem polskich (do VII w.) (Oldest history of Polish lands (until the 7th century) Kraków 1998,

Hensel, Witold (ed.), Prahistoria ziem polskich, t. 4, Od środkowej epoki brązu do środkowego okresu lateńskiego, red. Wrocław 1979

Harding, Anthony and Fokkens Harry The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age. 2013

Harding, Anthony (2000). European Societies in the Bronze Age. Cambridge University Press.

Coles, John and Harding, Anthony, The Bronze Age in Europe: An Introduction to the Prehistory of Europe C.2000-700 B.C. London Routkege 2014

Schofield, Louise. The Mycenaeans. Los Angeles, CA: J. Paul Getty Museum 2006

H1A_W04 - Ma uporządkowaną wiedzę szczegółową z

zakresu archeologii Europy oraz basenu M. Śródziemnego

AR1A_W14 - Ma podstawową wiedzę na temat surowców i

materiałów wykorzystywanych przez dawne

społeczności oraz sposobów ich obróbki i

zastosowania

H1A_U02 - Posiada podstawowe umiejętności badawcze,

obejmujące formułowanie i analizę

problemów badawczych, dobór metod i

narzędzi badawczych, opracowanie i

prezentację wyników, pozwalające na

rozwiązywanie problemów w zakresie

archeologii

H1A_U10 - Posiada umiejętności językowe zgodne z

wymaganiami określonymi dla poziomu B2

Europejskiego Systemu Opisu Kształcenia

Językowego, a w szczególności:

OPIS ECTS:

Udział w wykładzie: 45 godz.

Przygotowanie do egzaminu: 30 godz.

Suma godzin: 75 godz.

Liczba ECTS: 75 godz./25(30) = 3 ECTS

exam