Environmental Stress in Bio-archeological Studies

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OB2_W09

OB2_W12

OB2_U01

OB2_U09

The man (as well as other organisms) lives in an environment and this environment exerts certain effects on the body. All biological systems must self-regulate in the context of changing environmental demands. At the simplest level of agreement, “stress” involves some environmental stimulus that produces a reaction in a living organism that may be either favorable or unfavorable to the organism. The term, “stress”, should be understand both as an environmental stimulus and as the response to an environmental stimulus. Physiological disruption resulting from impoverished environmental circumstances is central to the study of health, lifestyle and social status. Use of multiple indicators gives a comprehensive understanding of stress and adaptation in the past and contemporary.

1.Definition and division of environmental stress (lecture). (2h)

2. The Concept of adaptation in biological anthropology (lecture). (2h)

3.Growth and development – skeleton (lecture and practice). (4h)

4. Growth and development – dentition (lecture and practice). (4h)

5.Skeletal pathological markers of deprivation (lecture and practice). (4h)

6. Dental pathological markers of deprivation (lecture and practice). (4h)

7. Ecology of past population (lecture). (2h)

8. Ecology of contemporary population (lecture). (2h)

9. Environmental stress: consequences for human health outcomes (lecture). (2h)

10. Pollution and human growth (lecture). (2h)

11. Human culture. (2h)

Aufderheide A.C., Rodríguez-Martín C., 2008, The Cambridge encyclopedia of human paleopathology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Bass W.M., 1995, Human osteology, A laboratory and field manual, Missouri Archaeological Society, Columbia.

Buikstra J.E., Ubelaker D.H., 1994, Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains, Arkansas Archeological Survey Research Series No,4.

Byers S.N., 2005, Introduction to forensic anthropology, Pearson Education, Boston.

Garruto R.M., Litte M.A., Weitz C.A., 2004. Environmental Stress and Adaptational

Responses: Consequences for Human Health Outcomes. Coll. Antropol. 28 2: 509–540.

Irish J.D., Nelson G.C. (eds.), 2008. Technique and application on dental anthropology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Katzenberg M.A., Saunders S.R. (eds.), 2008. Biological anthropology of the human skeleton, Willey&Sons, New Jersey

Larsen C.S., 2003, Bioarcheology, Interpreting behavior from the human skeleton, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Mascie-Taylor C.G.N., Lasker G.W., 1991, Applications of biological anthropology to human affairs. Cambridge.

Literature will be given during the course.

knowledge: knows the causes and effects of environmental degradation and their effects on the human organism, Recognizes correctly the English terms in the lecture area.

Skills: perform simple tasks individually and in teams, plans and can use appropriate methods to solve assigned tasks

ECTS 6 (30h-1ECTS)

1st task: participation in the lecture - 30h

2nd task: preparing four articles - 120h3rd task: participation in the discussion during the mecture - 30h

1. 70% attendance.

2. Final test (100-90% very good, 80-70% good, 60-50% satisfactory, less than 50% insufficient).