Genetics

elementary

BI1_W01, BI1_W04,

Basics of genetics at the high school level.

The aim of the course is to familiarize the biology student with a wide range of applications of genetics with an emphasis on Mendelian, molecular, and diagnostic genetics as well as population and forensic genetics.

The course of "Genetics" includes lectures and exercises. The lectures discuss the history of discoveries most important for the development of the science of inheritance. The types of genetic information carriers in Procaryota and Eucaryota are presented, taking into account the structure of chromatin, DNA, and RNA. The processes related to the recombination of nucleic acids and the basis of damage and mutation in chromosomes are discussed, along with the mechanisms of DNA repair. The causes of anomalies in the genetic code are also discussed, taking into account the types of mutations, mutagenic factors, and key repair processes. The basics and assumptions of Mendelian genetics and methods of inheriting traits in Eucaryota are presented. In addition, the most important assumptions of population genetics and gene expression, including epigenetic regulation of the genome, are discussed. The problems of eugenics and the most important elements of population genetics based on markers of genetic polymorphism are presented. Genomics, genetic engineering, and forensics are discussed, along with the description of gene editing techniques and next-generation (NGS) sequencing.

Compulsory literature:

Genetics. Short lectures. Ed. H.L. Fletcher, G.I. Hickey, P.C. Winter; Polish Scientific Publishers PWN, 2011

Molecular genetics. Ed. Piotr Węgleński; Scientific Publisher PWN, 2012 (copyright 2006)

Fundamentals of population genetics. D.L. Hartl, A.G. Clark. WUW, Warsaw, 2009

Molecular biology in medicine, edited by J. Bal, PWN, Warsaw, 2013

Genomes, edited by Brown, PWN, Warsaw 2009

Proteomics and metabolomics. Ed. A. Kraj, A. Drabik, J. Silberring, WUW, Warsaw 2010

Supplementary literature:

DNA Analysis, Theory and Practice. Collective work edited by Ryszard Słomski. Publishing House of the University of Life Sciences in Poznań 2008.

Fundamentals of genetics. A guide to laboratory exercises, edited by E. Chudzińska. 1st edition, AMU, Poznań 2017

Gene therapy. Ed. S. Szala. PWN, Warsaw 2001.

Articles in scientific journals and online gene databases provided during lectures.

Subject effects in terms of knowledge:

Subject effect 1: The graduate knows and understands at an advanced level selected facts, processes, and complex determinants in genetics, understands the basic phenomena and processes occurring in a pro and eukaryotic cell at the molecular level, concerning DNA, RNA, and proteins

Subject effect 2: The graduate knows and understands at an advanced level the most important problems in the field of various branches of genetics and molecular biology, mathematics, physics, and biochemistry, necessary for understanding basic phenomena and processes, e.g. mutation and inheritance, and knows their connections with other natural disciplines

Subject effect 3: The graduate knows and understands at an advanced level the basic categories of concepts and terminology used in modern genetics, and has knowledge of the development of this science and research methods used in it, incl. polymorphism detection and sequencing of DNA, RNA, and proteins

Subject effect 4: The graduate knows and understands basic techniques and research tools, such as PCR analysis, electrophoretic separation, and sequencing, used in various fields of genetics, as well as in the field of computer science and statistics at a level that allows their use for the analysis of genetic polymorphism at the level of genomics and proteomics.

Objective effects in terms of skills:

Subject effect 5: The graduate is able to properly select sources and information derived from them, understands the literature on genetics in Polish; reads scientific texts in English with understanding

Subject effect 6: The graduate is able to plan and organize individual work as well as to cooperate and work in a group, assuming various roles in it, and also perform research tasks commissioned by the teacher

Subject effect 7: The graduate is able to independently plan and implement his own learning issues related to genetics throughout his life.

Subject effects in the field of social competencies:

Subject effect 8: The graduate is ready to critically assess his knowledge and received content in the field of genetics, and recognizes the importance of this knowledge in solving cognitive and practical problems in the field of modern genetics

Subject effect 9: The graduate is ready to take care of the achievements and traditions of the geneticist profession, is responsible for the safety of his own and others' work, observing the rules of occupational health and safety in the laboratory.

Subject learning outcomes assigned to lectures (1-4)

Subject learning outcomes assigned to the exercises (5-9)

ECTS [1 ECTS = 30 hours]

Participation in the lecture - 30h

Preparation for the exam - 30h

Participation in exercises - 45h

Preparation for exercises - 15h

Preparation for tests - 15h

Consultation - 15h

Sum: 150h [150/30 = 5]

Ways of verifying learning outcomes in terms of knowledge:

- positive completion of exercises

- positive assessment of the test (learning outcomes 1-4)

Lecture - written exam with open-ended, test, and multiple-choice questions. Duration of the exam: 60 minutes. The following grading scale applies: 94 - 100% very good (5.0), 88 - 93% plus good (4.5), 80 - 87% good (4.0), 70 - 79% plus satisfactory (3.5), 60 - 69% satisfactory (3.0), less than 59.9% insufficient (2.0). The condition for passing the course is the presence in the classes and the active participation of the student in the classes.

Laboratories - final assessment based on partial grades obtained during the semester from tests and activity in classes. Classes are credited if the student: (i) actively participated in at least 85% of the classes; (ii) work during the classes in a way that allows to positively assess the knowledge, skills, and social competencies obtained in the course of the classes (described in the syllabus as subject learning outcomes 5-9).

The range of grades from the colloquium:

94 - 100% very good (5.0)

88 - 93% good plus (4.5)

80 - 87% good (4)

70 - 79% sufficient plus (3.5)

60 - 69% satisfactory (3)

below 59,9% insufficient (2)

For grade 2 (N / A): The graduate does not know at all and does not understand selected facts, processes, and complex interactions in genetics, does not understand the basic phenomena and processes occurring in a pro and eukaryotic cell at the molecular level: DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate does not know and understand in no way the most important problems in the field of genetics and molecular biology, mathematics, physics, and biochemistry, necessary for the understanding of basic phenomena and processes, i.e. inheritance of features and the formation of mutations, and does not know their connections at all with other natural disciplines. The graduate does not know and understand any basic categories of concepts and terminology used in modern genetics, and has no knowledge of the development of this science and the research methods used in it, including polymorphism detection and sequencing of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate does not know and understands the basic techniques and research tools, such as PCR analysis, electrophoretic separation, and sequencing, used in various fields of genetics, as well as in the field of computer science and statistics at a level that allows their use for the analysis of genetic polymorphism at the level of genomics and proteomics. The graduate is not able to properly select sources and information from them, does not understand the literature on genetics in Polish; reads scientific texts in English without understanding. The graduate is not able to plan and organize individual work or to cooperate and work in a group, assuming different roles in it, or to properly perform the research tasks commissioned by the person conducting the research. The graduate is not able to independently plan and implement his own learning issues related to genetics throughout his life. The graduate is not ready at all to critically evaluate his knowledge and the received content, and he does not recognize the importance of this knowledge in solving cognitive and practical problems in the field of modern genetics. The graduate is not ready at all to care for the achievements and traditions of the geneticist profession, is also not responsible for the safety of his own work and that of others, and does not follow the rules of occupational health and safety in the laboratory.

To grade 3 (dst.): The graduate at the basic level knows and understands selected facts, processes, and complex interactions in genetics, at the basic level he understands the basic phenomena and processes occurring in a pro and eukaryotic cell at the molecular level: DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate thoroughly knows and understands the most important problems in the field of genetics and molecular biology, mathematics, physics, and biochemistry, necessary for the understanding of basic phenomena and processes, i.e. inheritance of features and the formation of mutations, and thoroughly knows their connections with other natural disciplines. The graduate at the basic level knows and understands the basic categories of concepts and terminology used in modern genetics, and has a basic knowledge of the development of this science and research method used in it, including polymorphism detection and sequencing of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate thoroughly knows and understands the basic techniques and research tools, such as PCR analysis, electrophoretic separation, and sequencing, used in various fields of genetics, as well as in the field of computer science and statistics at a level that allows their use for the analysis of genetic polymorphism at the level of genomics and proteomics. A graduate at the basic level is able to properly select sources and information derived from them, at the basic level understands the literature on genetics in Polish; at the basic level, reads and understands scientific texts in English. The basic graduate is able to plan and organize individual work as well as to cooperate and work in a group, assuming various roles in it, as well as correctly perform the research tasks commissioned by the person conducting the research. Basic graduates are able to independently plan and implement their own learning issues related to genetics throughout their lives. The basic graduate is ready to critically assess his knowledge and received content in the field of genetics, and the basic level recognizes the importance of this knowledge in solving cognitive and practical problems in the field of modern genetics. Graduates are moderately willing to take care of the achievements and traditions of the geneticist profession, have primary responsibility for the safety of their own work and that of others, and obey the principles of occupational health and safety in the laboratory at a basic level.

To grade 4 (db.): The graduate knows well and has an advanced understanding of selected facts, processes, and complex interactions in genetics, has a good understanding of the basic phenomena and processes occurring in a pro and eukaryotic cell at the molecular level: DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate knows well and understands at an advanced level the most important problems in the field of various fields of genetics and molecular biology, mathematics, physics, and biochemistry, necessary for the understanding of basic phenomena and processes, i.e. inheritance of features and the formation of mutations, and knows well their connections with other natural disciplines. The graduate knows well and understands at an advanced level the basic categories of concepts and terminology used in modern genetics, and has a good knowledge of the development of this science and research methods used in it, incl. polymorphism detection and sequencing of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate knows and understands the basic techniques and research tools, such as PCR analysis, electrophoretic separation, and sequencing, used in various fields of genetics, as well as in the field of computer science and statistics at a level that allows their use for the analysis of genetic polymorphism at the level of genomics and proteomics. The graduate is able to correctly select the appropriate sources and information derived from them, has a good understanding of the literature on genetics in Polish; reads well, and comprehends scientific texts in English. The graduate is able to plan and organize individual work properly, as well as to cooperate and work in a group, assuming various roles in it, and correctly perform the research tasks commissioned by the person conducting the research. Graduates are able to plan and implement their own learning issues related to genetics throughout their life. The graduate is fully ready to critically assess his knowledge and received content in the field of genetics, and fully recognizes the importance of this knowledge in solving cognitive and practical problems in the field of modern genetics. The graduate is fully ready to take care of the achievements and traditions of the genetics profession, is fully responsible for the safety of his own and others' work, correctly observe the health and safety rules in the laboratory.

To grade 5 (very good): The graduate knows very well and understands at an advanced level selected facts, processes, and complex interactions in genetics, has a very good understanding of the basic phenomena and processes occurring in a pro and eukaryotic cell at the molecular level: DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate knows very well and understands at an advanced level the most important problems in the field of various fields of genetics and molecular biology, mathematics, physics, and biochemistry, necessary for the understanding of basic phenomena and processes, i.e. inheritance of features and the formation of mutations, and knows their connections with other disciplines very well. The graduate knows and understands at an advanced level the basic categories of concepts and terminology used in modern genetics, and has a very good knowledge of the development of this science and the research methods used in it, incl. polymorphism detection and sequencing of DNA, RNA, and proteins. The graduate knows and understands the basic techniques and research tools, such as PCR analysis, electrophoretic separation, and sequencing, used in various fields of genetics, as well as in the field of computer science and statistics at a level that allows their use for the analysis of genetic polymorphism at the level of genomics and proteomics. The graduate is perfectly able to choose the right sources and information derived from them, has a very good understanding of the literature on genetics in Polish; reads and understands scientific texts in English very well. The graduate is perfectly able to plan and organize individual work as well as to cooperate and work in a group, assuming various roles in it, and also correctly perform the research tasks commissioned by the person conducting the research. The graduate is perfectly able to independently plan and implement his own learning issues related to genetics throughout his life. The graduate is fully ready to critically assess his knowledge and received content in the field of genetics, and fully recognizes the importance of this knowledge in solving cognitive and practical problems in the field of modern genetics. The graduate is fully ready to take care of the achievements and traditions of the genetics profession, is fully responsible for the safety of his own and others' work, correctly observe the health and safety rules in the laboratory.