PPSF: Basic problems of the development of science

elementary

FI1_W01; FI1_W06;

FI1_W08; FI1_W09; FI1_U08;

FI1_K01; FI1_K03; FI1_K05;

The lecture introduces topics related to the 'history and philosophy of science' (HPS). Students will have the opportunity to learn about the basic research issues related to the historiography of science and the related issues of the philosophy of science. This lecture will allow the students to understand the specificity of the philosophy of science, which is often overlooked in the Polish environment, which is HPS.

The aim of the lecture is to present the problem of the development of scientific thought. This problem boils down to the question - does science develop through the continuous continuation and expansion of the adopted concepts, or is it created from scratch from time to time, cutting itself off from its roots? These two perspectives, which can be called cumulativist and anti-cumulativist, are not only confronted with each other in philosophical but also historiographic polemics. This problem was raised by eminent figures in philosophy and the history of science such as Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn, Ernst Mayr and David Hull. This question is important because it tells us how we understand scientific knowledge and how it is written and spoken about.

During the lecture, students will be introduced to the issues of the development of science from both a historical and a philosophical perspective. Students will have the opportunity to learn about the main problems of research methodology related to the historiography of science, learn about the main positions and axes of the dispute. In addition to historiographic issues, students will also learn about the basic philosophical issues related to the development of science. The main issues of the philosophy of science and its most important representatives will be presented. The issues raised in the philosophy of science, however, will be limited to those that are important from the perspective of the historiography of science. The lecture can therefore be treated as introducing the student to the 'history and philosophy of science' (HPS) field of philosophy which is not very popular in Poland.

Educational outcomes:

ECTS [1 ECTS = 30 (25) hours]:

- participation in the lecture: 30 hours

- participation in exercises: 15 hours

- preparation for classes - reading texts: 0-45 hours

- preparation of the presentation: 0-45

- preparation for a pass: 15-30 hours

Total hours (average): 150 [150/30 (25) = 5]

Number of ECTS: 5

Knowledge:

1. the student knows and understands the historical context of the theory in the field of philosophy of science;

2. the student knows the ideas and arguments used in discussions of the philosophy of science;

3. the student understands and recognizes the problems related to the use of philosophical concepts in historiography.

Skills:

1. the student reads and interprets philosophical texts on the philosophy of science;

2. the student notices and recognizes philosophical problems related to the historiography of science.

Competences:

1. the student knows the scope of his knowledge in the field of philosophy of science;

2. the student understands the need for continuous training and development in the field of philosophical issues presented during classes

The main methods will be a problem lecture and a seminar lecture.

The lecture will end with an oral exam - the final grade will depend on its result. The prerequisite for taking the exam is passing the exercises

Knowledge:

- 2 (Ndst ..): The student does not know the basic terms, concepts and theories discussed during the course

- 3 (dst.): The student knows the basic concepts and theories related to the philosophy and history of science, but is not able to discuss these issues in detail

- 4 (db.): The student identifies and discusses correctly selected issues in the field of philosophy and history of science

- 5 (very good): The student knows the problems of the philosophy of science in relation to the historographic issues discussed during the lecture

Skills

- 2 (ndst ..): The student is not able to interpret and compare the main problems in the field of philosophy and history of science

- 3 (dst.): The student is able to relate to some issues related to the philosophy of science, but is not able to relate them to thinkers dealing with these issues

- 4 (db.): The student is able to correctly explain the basic issues raised in contemporary discussions in the field of philosophy and history of science

- 5 (very good): The student is able to critically discuss the issues raised during the lecture, as well as respond to them and correctly justify his position

Competences:

The student is aware of the philosophical issues related to the history of science. Understands its specificity from a perspective in relation to other philosophical disciplines.

Details will be given during the course.