Ethics

elementary

FP1_W11

FP1_U01

FP1_K03

None

The theme of the classes includes a brief historical feature of ethics (ethics in the perspective of philosophy history), a brief overview of the ethical ideals of different religions, selected ethical issues inspired by philosophy and religion, selected themes of the Bible, mythology and literature – ethically.

The topics of the course include a brief historical outline of ethics (ethics in the perspective of the history of philosophy), a brief review of ethical ideals of various religions, selected ethical issues inspired by philosophy, selected motifs of the Bible, mythology and literature - in terms of ethics.

Specific issues:

And Ethics, historical outline:

Greek ethical ideals (Homer, Hesiod, Aeschylus, Sophocles) - the ideal of kalokagathia.

The ethics of Socrates and the ethics of Greek sophists. Sokratejska care for the soul.

Plato - Plato's ethical ideals (doctrine of non-harm, ideal of being like God, ideal of "platonic" love). Plato's path to happiness.

Aristotle, the ideal of a "noble egoist." Aristotle's theory of happiness.

Hedonism - Epicurus: care for the soul according to Epicurus. Epicurean path of happiness.

Cynicism - cynic liberation message.

Stoicism - stoic theory of virtue and law.

St. Augustine - god's and

Thomas Aquinas and natural law.

Utilitarianism - Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.

Kant's ethics - Kant's categorical imperative.

Contemporary ethics - naturalism, anti-naturalism, emotiveism, situational ethics. Ethical aspects of man's attitude towards animals and nature.

Ethics inspired by religion

Ethics of Buddhism.

Ethics of Islam.

Ethics of Judaism.

Christian ethics (ancient Christianity, Protestant denominations, Orthodoxy, Catholicism).

Selected ethical issues inspired by philosophy

The issue of sources of moral awareness: moral awareness based on natural law (ethics referring to natural law) and consciousness based on absolute values ​​(ethics referring to supernatural values).

Will and freedom in an ethical sense: sense of freedom, freedom and necessity (Kant, Jaspers, Nietzsche).

The problem of virtues: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, stoics - theory of virtues; Scheler - rehabilitation of virtue; Nietzsche - the will of power, the virtue endowing; Scheler - heart order.

Justice as an ethical and legal matter - Rawls' moral philosophy.

"Interpersonal" as an ethical category - "philosophy of interpersonal meeting" by Buber and Levinas.

Selected threads and motifs from the Bible, mythology and literature in the ethical aspect:

Myths about the creation of the world and man (history of "original sin"), in the ethical aspect (Theogonia and Works and days of Hesiod, the Orphic myth about Zagreus and Titans, "Genesis", "Timaius" of Plato); "sacrifice of Abraham" ("Book Genus ")," the sacrifice of Agamemnon (from the tragedy of Euripides "Iphigenia in Aulid"); "the sacrifice of Cain and Abel", "Job" "Sermon on the Mount", "hymn about love" of St. Paul; motif of Prometheus (from the tragedy of Aeschylus " Prometheus in chains ").

History of Medea (from the tragedy of Euripides 'Medea'); pears Augustine (from "Confessions" of St. Augustine) - the motive of conscious evil.

"The Great Inquisitor" (Dostoevsky) and Christ.

S. Andersen, Wprowadzenie do etyki, Warszawa 2003.

J. Baggini, P. S. Fost, Przybornik etyka. Kompendium metod i pojęć etycznych. Warszawa 2007.

A. MacIntyre, Krótka historia etyki, Filozofia moraln ści od czasów Homera do XX w., PWN Warszawa 2000.

A. Anzerbacher, Wprowadzenie do filozofii, Kraków 1991.

A. Linzey, Teologia zwierząt, Kraków 2010.

R. H. Popkin, A. Stroll, Filozofia, Poznań1994.

R. Spaermann, Podstawowe pojęcia moralne, Lublin 2000.

T. Styczeń, ABC etyki, Lublin 2001.

W.Tatarkiewicz, Historia filozofii,

K. Wojtyła, Elementarz etyczny, Lublin 1982.

K. WOjtyLa, Miłość i odpowiedzialność, Lublin 1982.

P. Vardy, P. Grosch, Etyka, Poznań 1995.

Literatura dodatkowa (wybór):

Arystoteles, Etyka Nikomachejska, Warszawa 1982.

Platon, Gorgiasz, Uczta, Timajos, Warszawa 1958.

T. Gadacz, U umiejętności życia, Kraków 2002.

T. Gadacz, U ulotności życia, Kraków 2008.

Augustyn, Dialogi (O szczęściu), Kraków 1999.

Seneka, Dialogi, Warszawa 1965.

Kant, Uzasadnienie metafizyki moralności, Warszawa 1971.

S. Kierkegaard, Bojażń i drżenie, Warszawa 1995.

L. Boros, Istnienie wyzwolone. Misterium mortis, Warszawa 1985.

H.Buczyńska-Garewicz, Milczenie i mowa filozofii, Warszawa 2003.

R. Fromm, O sztuce miłości, Poznań 2007.

A. Krokiewicz, Moralność Homera i etyka Hezjoda, Warszawa 2000.

Plutarch, Moralia, Wrocław 1954.

Plutarch, Moralia, Warszawa 1977.

R. Safranski, Zło. Dramat wolności, Warszawa 1999.

W. Tatarkiewicz, O szczęściu, Warszawa 1990.

K. Pawłowski, Medytacje platońskie, Warszawa 2015.

K. Pawłowski, Lathe biosas. Filozoficzne posłannictwo Epikura z Samos, Lublin 2010.

The student knows the philosophical (anthropological and metaphysical) foundations of ethics. Knows the most important philosophical ethical trends. Can capture ethical issues in literature. Is able to consider various life problems in a moral context. Is able to recognize situations that seem to be unrelated to ethics. He notices the ethical conditions of various interpersonal situations. Is aware of its autonomy and moral responsibility. He also understands the need to constantly shape his moral consciousness in order to achieve moral maturity (based on internal moral awareness, and not only on external bans and orders). He is also aware of the ethical aspects of his various social relationships. He also understands the ethical aspects of positive law.

Classes end with a grade based on the student's overall activity and commitment throughout the semester.

There is no separate exam after the end of the class. Students gain grades during classes throughout the whole semester. The final grade is influenced by: attendance, active participation in classes, preparation for classes in the form of read reading, possible preparation of presentations on a given topic. For the lowest (sufficient) grade, presence and active attention in class are sufficient. You need to be active and committed to higher grades. The highest grade is required to include agreed readings. Detailed notes on the credits will be given in class.

ECTS points:

30 hours - participation in classes - 1 point

30 hours - preparation for classes (reading texts) - 1 point